The Supreme Court has set a new direction with its historic ruling on SC/ST sub-classification.
On 1 August 2024, the Court delivered a landmark judgment affirming that sub-classification within Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes is constitutionally valid. In a 6:1 majority, the seven-judge Constitution Bench held that SC/ST communities cannot be treated as a single homogeneous group, and that internal categorisation is necessary to ensure reservation benefits reach the most deprived and long-marginalised sections. This decision overturns the earlier EV Chinnaiah verdict, which had disallowed such internal divisions.
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