Explosion proof measures in chemical factories

The core of explosion prevention measures in chemical factories lies in systematically controlling combustibles, ignition sources, and oxidation conditions, combined with engineering technology and management methods to reduce explosion risks. The specific measures are as follows:
?  1、 Prevent the formation of explosive mixtures
Sealing and sealing: Ensure that welding is used instead of flanges at equipment and pipeline connections, prevent air infiltration into the negative pressure system, and regularly test the sealing performance.
Ventilation replacement:
Install exhaust outlets on roofs for gases lighter than air, such as hydrogen;
Gases heavier than air, such as liquefied petroleum gas, should be strengthened in low-lying areas such as trenches to reduce their concentration below the lower explosive limit.
Inert protection: Inject inert gases such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide into the reaction system or storage tank to reduce oxygen content.
⚡  2、 Strictly control ignition sources
Open flame management: Smoking is prohibited in the production area, and hot work operations follow the process of "disassembly isolation cleaning replacement testing approval monitoring operation".
Static control:
The equipment is reliably grounded and the resistance value meets the specifications;
Limit the flow rate of flammable liquids, connect static grounding wires during loading and unloading, and turn off the vehicle.
Explosion proof electrical: Explosion proof electrical equipment that meets the gas group (IIA/IIB/IIC) and temperature group (T1-T6) should be selected for explosive hazardous areas such as solvent tank areas and dust workshops.
?️  3、 Application of Engineering Explosion proof Technology
Explosion relief device:
Install pressure relief walls on the exterior walls of the reactor area and storage tanks. When the pressure reaches 0.02-0.05 MPa, conduct directional explosion with fragment size ≤ 5cm;
The release direction should avoid densely populated areas and form a "front release, back resistance" layout.
Explosion containment system: equipped with sensors and fire extinguishing agent tanks, quickly spraying fire extinguishing agents to suppress combustion during the initial stage of the explosion.
?  4、 Equipment and Process Safety
Equipment maintenance: Pressure vessels and pipelines are regularly inspected for corrosion and aging, and safety accessories (pressure gauges, safety valves) are calibrated annually.
Process control:
Strictly monitor the temperature and feeding rate of exothermic reactions (such as nitrification);
The peroxidation reaction requires controlling the generation of by-products (such as nitrogen trichloride).
?  5、 Management and emergency measures
Risk identification: Establish a list of unconventional operations (start stop, maintenance), pre control risks, and develop operating procedures.
Monitoring and warning: Install combustible gas alarms in explosive hazardous areas and calibrate them regularly.
Emergency protection:
Configure emergency equipment such as gas masks and explosion-proof pumps;
Employees receive at least 8 hours of explosion-proof drills and first aid training annually.